Class 11 Biology · Chapter 2 · Test 1
Bacteria and Viruses 1
35 MCQs This set covers the structure of a bacterial cell, the cell wall of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material. It also covers endospore formation and the different types of bacterial motility.
35 questions · 25 min · 35 marks
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Sample questions
The first 5 of 35. Try each one, then tap to see the answer.
Question 1
Bacteria have which type of cellular organization?
- AUnicellular prokaryotic
- BMulticellular eukaryotic
- CAcellular
- DColonial eukaryotic
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Answer: A
Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes that lack membrane-bound organelles and a well-defined nucleus.
Question 2
The major component of the bacterial cell wall is
- ACellulose
- BChitin
- CPeptidoglycan
- DLignin
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Answer: C
Peptidoglycan (murein) is a unique macromolecule found in the bacterial cell wall.
Question 3
Peptidoglycan is composed of
- ALong glycan chains cross-linked by short peptide fragments
- BFatty acids and glycerol
- CCellulose fibres and proteins
- DOnly amino acids
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Answer: A
It has long polysaccharide chains joined by short peptide cross-links.
Question 4
Who devised the technique of Gram staining?
- ARobert Whittaker
- BHans Christian Gram
- CCarl Woese
- DLouis Pasteur
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Answer: B
Sir Hans Christian Gram devised the staining technique that separates bacteria into two groups.
Question 5
Gram-positive bacteria appear purple because they
- ALack a cell wall
- BRetain the violet dye
- CHave an outer membrane
- DLose the violet dye
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Answer: B
Gram-positive bacteria retain the violet dye while Gram-negative bacteria do not.
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